Analytical methodsNet Peptide Content vs. Purity: What Each Number Means
HPLC purity and net peptide content answer different questions. Learn what each measures, how NPC is determined and how to use both when preparing solutions.
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Analytical methods
Lab handlingStorage and Stability of Lyophilized Research Peptides
Temperature, light, moisture and freeze-thaw: how to store freeze-dried research peptides so results stay comparable over time.
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DocumentationWhat Research Use Only (RUO) Means on a Label
What an RUO label signals, how RUO differs from GMP-grade materials, what buyers are responsible for, and why suppliers request attestations.
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Peptide chemistryHow to Calculate Peptide Molecular Weight (Worked Example)
A step-by-step peptide molecular weight calculation using residue masses, with average vs monoisotopic values, counter-ion corrections and MS cross-checks.
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Peptide chemistryPeptide Sequence Notation: Codes, Termini and Modifications
How to read and write peptide sequences: one- and three-letter codes, terminal groups, D-amino acids, pyroGlu, disulfides and how sequences appear on a COA.
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Peptide chemistrySolid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Explained: Fmoc vs. Boc
How solid-phase peptide synthesis works: resin anchoring, Fmoc and Boc strategies, coupling and deprotection steps, final cleavage and where impurities arise.
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